Electronic essay submissions are preferred . Acceptable file formats include: Word (.doc or .docx), WordPerfect (.wpd), or Rich Text Format (.rtf). We also need complete contact information, including preferred email address and street address. Please send your essay as an email attachment to clio@ipfw.edu .

Biographical Note: : With your essay, please provide, on a separate page of your manuscript, a biographical note of approximately 50 words containing your rank, affiliation, specialization, and most significant publications or current research. Include publication date for all books.

Prepare your file in accordance with the following Clio requirements:

Font: Use Courier 12 (non-proportional) font.

Margins: Set at 1-inch right, left, top, and bottom. Do not justify right margin. Do not set widow/orphan protection.

Line Spacing: Double space (2 line spaces) entire manuscript, including notes and block quotes.

Page Numbers: Number pages in upper right corner, beginning with page 2 (suppress page 1 number). Otherwise, use no running head.

Paragraphs: Use Tab key to indent paragraphs. Use automatic (soft) return within each paragraph (use hard return only for paragraph end). Use only 1 hard return at the end of each paragraph. Use 2 hard returns only between sections (if any).

Character Spacing: Use 1 space after periods and colons, 1 space after commas and semicolons. To create a dash, type 2 hyphens with no space between the preceding and following words. To type an ellipsis, type a space between each of the 3 periods and between the preceding and following words. In the case of an ellipsis following a period, do not put a space between the period and the preceding word. Do not worry about an ellipsis breaking at the end of a line.

Hyphenation: Do not use automatic hyphenation. Do not hyphenate end-of-line words unless they are normally hyphenated.

Special Codes: Do not use italics. Use underlining to indicate italics. Do not underline except to indicate italics. Do not use boldface anywhere. Do not use macros, style sheets, or QuickCorrect Options (e.g., "smart quotes"). Quotations marks must be the “curly” variety. Use of codes may result in printing and formatting errors.

Notes: Use the footnote function; do not use the endnote function.